Policy Innovation and Transformation for Quality Education in State Religious Institutions at IAKN Manado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32729/edukasi.v23i2.1984Kata Kunci:
Christian Education policy, Christian university reform, pedagogy innovation, quality assuranceAbstrak
Innovation and transformation in higher education have become strategic issues, particularly for religious institutions that are required to enhance access and quality while strengthening national and global competitiveness. This study examines the strategies of policy innovation and transformation implemented to address these challenges. Focusing on the State Christian Institute of Manado (IAKN), this study investigates institutional transformation in the domains of governance, academic development, and cultural adaptation. The objectives are threefold: (1) to assess the innovation and policy transformation strategies implemented by IAKN Manado in improving access and quality; (2) to analyze the institution’s distinctive models of policy innovation; and (3) to identify policy models that may serve as frameworks for strengthening religious higher education more broadly. Employing a qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews, observation, and literature review. The findings reveal that IAKN Manado is actively pursuing transformation into a “cyber university” to respond to digital-era demands, while simultaneously reinforcing its historical and religious role in the Sulawesi region. This transformation illustrates both opportunities and constraints. The study further highlights that effective innovation and transformation in universities under the Ministry of Religious Affairs require stronger institutional support from the government to ensure sustainability and impact.
ABSTRAK
Inovasi dan transformasi pendidikan tinggi kini menjadi isu strategis, terutama di perguruan tinggi keagamaan yang dituntut meningkatkan akses dan kualitas sekaligus memperkuat daya saing nasional dan global. penelitian ini mengkaji strategi inovasi dan transformasi kebijakan yang dilakukan untuk menjawab tantangan tersebut.. Penelitian ini, yang dilakukan di Institut Agama Kristen Negeri Manado (IAKN), berfokus pada kebijakan dan transformasi di lembaga tersebut, khususnya di bidang tata kelola, pengembangan akademik, dan adaptasi budaya akademik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengkaji strategi inovasi dan transformasi kebijakan yang diterapkan oleh IAKN Manado untuk mempercepat akses dan meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan; (2) menganalisis model inovasi kebijakan yang unik dan berbeda di IAKN Manado; dan (3) mengidentifikasi model kebijakan yang dapat memfasilitasi percepatan akses dan peningkatan kualitas pendidikan di perguruan tinggi keagamaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan tinjauan pustaka. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa IAKN Manado sedang berupaya untuk bertransformasi menjadi 'universitas siber' sebagai respons terhadap tuntutan era digital, sekaligus memperkuat signifikansi historis dan religiusnya di wilayah Sulawesi. Oleh karena itu, transformasi IAKN Manado menuju 'universitas siber' menunjukkan peluang sekaligus kendala. Selain itu, penelitian ini berimplikasi pada peningkatan inovasi dan transformasi perguruan tinggi di bawah Kementerian Agama yang membutuhkan dukungan kelembagaan dari pemerintah.
Unduhan
Referensi
Akrom, A. H. (2017). Perguruan tinggi Islam di Indonesia: Tantangan & peluang di masa depan (Studi tantangan dan peluang perguruan tinggi Islam di era masyarakat ekonomi ASEAN). Ta'dib, 15(2), 1-14.
Aspinall, E., & Mietzner, M. (2019). Indonesia's changing political economy: Governing the roads. Cambridge University Press.
Azis, M. F. (2021). Transformasi Universitas Brawijaya dari perguruan tinggi negeri badan layanan umum menuju badan hukum: Strategi pada masa transisi dalam aspek keuangan. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa FEB, 9(2).
Buehler, M. (2022). The politics of shari'a law: Islamist activists and the state in democratizing Indonesia. Cambridge University Press.
Butler, D. L. (2024). Aligning digital educational policies with the new realities of schooling. Technology, Knowledge and Learning, 29, 1831-1849. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-024-09724-8
Calderini, M. (2023). Organizing for transformative innovation policies: The role of social enterprises. Theoretical insights and evidence from Italy. Research Policy, 52(7), Article 104818. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2023.104818
Chen, P., Xiong, R.-H., & Wei, X.-W. (2025). Tracing future education reforms: Policy mobilities within and between Taiwanese, Australian, and global networks. Comparative Education, 61(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/03050068.2024.2345678
Crouch, M. A. (2019). The constitution, Islam and the state in Indonesia. Hart Publishing.
Daulay, K. (2014). Masalah dan tantangan privatisasi pendidikan tinggi. Jurnal Tarbiyah, 21(2), 226-240. https://doi.org/10.30829/tar.v21i2.226
de Graaff, S., & Wesseling, I. (2025). The politics of directionality in innovation policy through the lens of policy process frameworks. Science and Public Policy, 52(3), 418-432. https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scae089
Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Riset, dan Teknologi. (2023, September 23). Mengenal lebih lanjut status perguruan tinggi negeri: PTN-BH, PTN-BLU, dan PTN-Satker. Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi. https://itjen.kemdikbud.go.id/web/mengenal-lebih-lanjut-status-perguruan-tinggi-negeri-ptn-bh-ptn-blu-dan-ptn-satker/
Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi. (2020, October 22). Transformasi pendidikan tinggi dan akselerasi inovasi perguruan tinggi di masa pandemi. Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. https://dikti.kemdikbud.go.id/kabar-dikti/kabar/transformasi-pendidikan-tinggi-dan-akselerasi-inovasi-perguruan-tinggi-di-masa-pandemi/
Fadlan, M. A. (2023). Transformasi pendidikan tinggi Islam dari tradisional ke modern (global). Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi, 5(1), 424-427.
Fitria, A. Z. (2019). Transformasi kebijakan pendidikan tinggi Islam: Arah baru perubahan kebijakan pendidikan tinggi Islam. Kalimedia.
Haddad, C. R., & Bergek, A. (2022). Transformative innovation policy: A systematic review. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 43, 14-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2022.03.002
Hasnida, S. S. (2024). Transformasi pendidikan di era digital. Jurnal Bintang Pendidikan Indonesia (JUBPI), 2(1), 78-89. https://doi.org/10.55606/jubpi.v2i1.2488
Hefner, R. W. (2019). Civil Islam: Muslims and democratization in Indonesia (2nd ed.). Princeton University Press.
Hidayati, U. (2019). Inovasi madrasah melalui penyelenggaraan madrasah riset. Edukasi, 17(3), 345-358.
Islam, H. (2023, March 15). Dua tantangan besar PTKIN. Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia. https://kemenag.go.id/opini/dua-tantangan-besar-ptkin-gy2kon
Institut Agama Kristen Negeri Manado. (2023). Kebijakan sistem penjaminan mutu internal IAKN Manado. IAKN Manado Press.
Karuniasa, M. (2019). Prinsip-prinsip transformasi kebijakan pembangunan berkelanjutan dan pengendalian perubahan iklim berdasarkan paradigma systems thinking. Wahana Forestra: Jurnal Kehutanan, 14(2), 123-135.
Lamuri, A. B. (2022). Transformasi pendidikan dalam pengembangan sumber daya manusia yang berkarakter di era disrupsi. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 5(2), 21-30.
Lim, M. (2021). Roots of illiberalism: Religion and identity in Indonesia's digital age. Stanford University Press.
Lin, H., & Miller, R. (2019). Developing policy instruments: The transformation of an educational policy intervention. Journal of Educational Change, 20(1), 57-77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-018-9334-2
Malik, M. T., & Nasir, H. (2023). Educational innovation policy for improving digital literacy capabilities in higher education. Al-Musannif, 5(1), 63-74.
Maroy, C., & Pons, X. (2021). Re-conceptualising education policy trajectories in a globalised world: Lessons from a multi-level comparison of accountability in France and Quebec. Comparative Education, 57(4), 560-578. https://doi.org/10.1080/03050068.2021.1916623
Masinambow, Y. (2021). Transformasi pendidikan Kristen dalam konteks kebangsaan Indonesia. EDULEAD: Journal of Christian Education and Leadership, 2(1), 45-62.
Mattei, P., & Bale, T. (2023). Educational policy agenda, ideological transformation and radical right populism: The case of the education-identity nexus of the Northern League in Italy, 1994-2018. Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 31(1), 15-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/14782804.2022.2089456
Meek, J. N. (2019). Higher education governance and reforms in Indonesia: Are the matrices of autonomy appropriate? Journal of International and Comparative Education, 8(1), 17-26.
Mietzner, M., & Muhtadi, B. (2020). The mobilisation of intolerance and its trajectories: Indonesian Muslims' views of religious minorities and ethnic Chinese. In T. B. Pepinsky, R. W. Hefner, & M. Liddle (Eds.), Islam, identity, and social change in Southeast Asia (pp. 155-184). Cornell University Press.
Muslimin, I. (2023). Policies to overcome education problems with new innovation in the era of society 5.0. Manhaji, 2(2), 78-92.
Nawawi, M., & Rahman, R. (2024). Transformasi pendidikan tinggi menuju kualitas dan profesionalisme. Karimah Tauhid, 3(2), 2374-2390.
Nguyen, H. L., & Huang, Y. (2025). National policy analysis of digital transformation in Vietnamese higher education: Conceptualising a three-layer model for implementation. Policy Futures in Education, 23(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1177/14782103241234567
Nichols, T. P., & Rodriguez, E. D. (2024). Platform governance and education policy: Power and politics in emerging edtech ecologies. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 46(2), 309-328. https://doi.org/10.3102/01623737241245678
Paquette, J. (1998). Equity in educational policy: A priority in transformation or in trouble? Journal of Education Policy, 13(1), 41-61. https://doi.org/10.1080/0268093980130103
Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. (2003). Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional.
Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. (2005). Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2005 tentang Guru dan Dosen.
Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. (2012). Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2012 tentang Pendidikan Tinggi.
Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. (2022). Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 4 Tahun 2022 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan.
Rahman, M. M. (2020). E-government based education policy innovation through e-Panrita applications (online attendance study for teacher at SMAN 3 Luwu). Journal of Local Government Issues, 3(1), 50-63.
Al-Razi, M. F., & Malik, A. (2024). Reconstructing the Islamic education paradigm in Indonesia. EDUKASI: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Agama dan Keagamaan, 22(2), 295-310.
Sarman. (2024, September 15). Target September 2024 IAKN Ambon berubah bentuk menjadi UKN. Ambon Terkini. https://ambonterkini.id/news_read/target-september-2024-iakn-ambon-berubah-bentuk-me-2420
Sasuwuk, C. (2023). Perencanaan perguruan tinggi Kristen negeri berbasis siber (Studi di IAKN Manado). Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Kristen, 4(1), 49-54.
Schmidt, V. A. (2011). Speaking of change: Why discourse is key to the dynamics of policy transformation. Critical Policy Studies, 5(2), 106-126. https://doi.org/10.1080/19460171.2011.576520
Setijadi, C. (2022). Digital diaspora: Chinese Indonesian Christians and online religious practices. ISEAS Publishing.
Sihombing, A. A., & Hutabarat, Z. (2024). The stagnation of leadership in Catholic religious universities in Indonesia. International Studies in Catholic Education, 16(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/19422539.2024.2345678
Suprayitno, G. (2013, May). Transformasi pendidikan tinggi: Membangun institusi dan mengembangkan potensi insani [Conference presentation]. Universitas Gadjah Mada. https://luk.staff.ugm.ac.id/atur/statuta/latih/2013/05TransformasiSosialdiPerguruanTinggi.pdf
Usmanij, J. M. (2022). The impact of strategic planning practices on quality improvement in Christian higher education institutions. Edukasi, 22(2), 189-205.
Wahid, D. (2021). Islamic pluralism in Indonesia: Unity in diversity. Oxford University Press.
Wang, L., & O'Brien, M. (2024). The transformation of neoliberalism: A critical analysis of shadow education governance policy in China. International Journal of Educational Research, 125, Article 102345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2024.102345
Wattimena, R. A. (2016). Tentang manusia: Dari pikiran, pemahaman sampai dengan perdamaian dunia. Maharsa.
Woodward, M., Rohmaniyah, I., Amin, A., & Coleman, D. (2020). Muslim politics and democratic transformation in Indonesia. University of Hawaii Press.
Wuwung, O. C., & Manuhutu, B. (2024). Strategies of the Manado State Christian Institute in implementing Christian cyber university-distance learning. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 16(3), 4153-4163. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v16i3.4567
Yaputra, H. (2024, August 12). Kajian BEM UGM: 54 persen mahasiswa raih UKT tertinggi, hanya 7,5 persen kelompok 1 dan 2. Tempo. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1890787/kajian-bem-ugm-54-persen-mahasiswa-raih-ukt-tertinggi-hanya-75-persen-kelompok-1-dan-2
Zulfa, U. (2012). Transformasi internasionalisasi perguruan tinggi menuju world class university. LITERASI, 3(1), 45-58.
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Stefanny Mersiany Pandaleke, Hastangka hastangka, Adison Adrianus Sihombing
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
